What does the practice of topiary primarily involve?

Topiary primarily involves the practice of shaping plants through pruning. This art form not only enhances the aesthetic appeal of gardens and landscapes but also allows for creative designs, such as creating geometric shapes or animal figures using live plants. By selectively trimming and training the growth of shrubs and trees, practitioners can maintain specific forms and promote healthy growth patterns. This skill relies on knowledge of plant biology, growth habits, and appropriate pruning techniques, making it distinct from practices that focus on planting arrangements, watering regimes, or harvesting.