What is the difference in electrical energy between an energized conductor and another conductor, ground, or object known as?

The difference in electrical energy between an energized conductor and another conductor, ground, or object is referred to as electrical potential. Electrical potential indicates the amount of potential energy per unit charge available to move charges through an electric field. This difference drives the movement of electrons, creating electric current. By knowing the electrical potential, one can understand how much energy is available to do work in a circuit.

The other concepts mentioned serve different purposes in the electrical context. Electromagnetic field refers to the physical field produced by electrically charged objects; it is important in the understanding of electromagnetic waves but does not specifically convey the idea of energy difference. Electrical current describes the flow of electric charge, rather than the potential difference between conductors. Electromotive force (EMF) is the voltage generated by a source like a battery but does not denote the inherent difference in energy between a conductor and another object in the same way potential does. Therefore, the concept of electrical potential directly answers the question by focusing on the energy differential that drives electrical systems.