What is the term for the capacity of a material to transmit electricity?

The term for the capacity of a material to transmit electricity is conductivity. Conductivity measures how easily electric current can flow through a material, which is determined by the material's structure and the presence of free electrons. Materials with high conductivity, such as metals, allow electrons to move freely, facilitating energy transmission. Conversely, materials with low conductivity, like insulators, restrict electron flow, thereby preventing the transmission of electricity. Understanding conductivity is vital in applications such as electrical engineering and materials science, as it influences the design and selection of materials for electrical systems and devices.