Which characteristic is typical of thunderstorms?

Thunderstorms are primarily characterized by the presence of both lightning and thunder. This is a fundamental aspect of their formation and behavior. The development of a thunderstorm involves the rapid rise of warm, moist air, which can lead to the formation of cumulonimbus clouds. As this air rises and cools, it condenses and releases heat, which can create strong updrafts and downdrafts within the storm. The collision of ice particles within the storm cloud generates electrical charges, resulting in lightning. Thunder is produced by the rapid expansion and contraction of air surrounding the lightning bolt due to the intense heat. Therefore, the presence of both lightning and thunder is a defining characteristic of thunderstorms, making this choice entirely accurate.

The other options do not accurately represent typical characteristics of thunderstorms. For instance, while thunderstorms may produce heavy rain, this rain can vary greatly in intensity and is often accompanied by strong winds, making the first option not characteristic of thunderstorms. Although some thunderstorms can produce hail, not all do, so stating that they always produce hail is incorrect. Additionally, thunderstorms can indeed form in various seasons, not just in summer, so the last option is also inaccurate. This helps clarify why the focus on lightning and thunder is crucial in defining thunderstorms.